Segregación público-privada en educación primaria. Un análisis multigrupo de Latinoamérica

Claudia Guiral; F. Javier Murillo

doi:10.24320/redie.2026.28.e07.6500

Authors

Claudia Guiral Autonomous University of Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-1804
F. Javier Murillo Autonomous University of Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8003-4133

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24320/redie.2026.28.e07.6500

Keywords:

school segregation, private schools, Latin America, primary education

Abstract

This research aims to determine the impact of private schools on socioeconomic segregation in primary education in 15 Latin American countries, using microdata from the 2019 Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (ERCE) and a sample of 146,410 students enrolled in 3,637 schools. School segregation was estimated and decomposed from a multigroup perspective using the mutual information index. The results indicate that segregation between the public and the private sectors accounts for, on average, 29.2% of overall segregation, with substantial differences across countries. In addition, it was found that school segregation is driven mostly by the unequal distribution of the most socioeconomically disadvantaged and advantaged students. Both groups are unevenly distributed between the two sectors and isolate themselves, or are isolated, within each sector. In conclusion, low segregation can be maintained by reducing enrollment in private schools and ensuring the absence of discriminatory selection policies.

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