Instructional and distributed leadership in virtual communication spaces in post-compulsory secondary education
Keywords:
Instructional leadership, Distributed leadership, Computer-mediated communication (CMC), Post-compulsory education.Abstract
The research focuses on two aspects of educational leadership in an environment of computer-mediated communication: how teachers develop instructional leadership and how students assume distributed leadership according to the indicators organization, motivation, and content. We performed a content and frequency analysis of the virtual communication between teachers and students in chats, forums, and emails. The study provides empirical confirmation of two aspects of instruction that the teachers develop to promote distributed leadership among the students. The analysis reveals the areas in which leadership is most evident in the virtual communication; these involve organization and contribution to knowledge. We conclude that it is possible to implement an educational structure in online environments that develops leadership skills in students through instructional leadership exercised by professors.Downloads
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References
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Gutiérrez-Santiuste, E. y Gallego-Arrufat, M. J. (2013). Analizar el liderazgo distribuido en entornos virtuales de formación. Perspectiva Educacional, 52(2), 86-103.
Harris, A. y Spillane, J. (2008). Distributed leadership through the looking glass. Management in Education, 22(1), 31-34. doi: 10.1177/0892020607085623
Hollander, E. P. (1992). Leadership, followership, self, and others. The Leadership Quarterly, 3(1), 43-54.
Kavanaugh, A., Carroll, J. M., Rosson, M. B., Zin, T. T. y Reese, D. D. (2005). Community networks: Where offline communities meet online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(4).
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Sarker, S., Grewal, R. y Sarker, S. (2002). Emergence of leaders in virtual teams: what matters? En Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 273-283). Recuperado de http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7798 doi:10.1109/HICSS.2002.994461
Serçe, F. C., Swigger, K., Alpaslan, F. N., Brazile, R., Dafoulas, G. y Lopez, V. (2011). Online collaboration: Collaborative behavior patterns and factors affecting globally distributed team performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 490-503. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.09.017
Spillane, J. P. (2006). Distributed leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Spillane, J. P., Halverson, R., y Diamond, J.B. (2001). Investigating school leadership practice: A distributed perspective. Educational Researcher, 30(3), 23-28.
Stahl, G. (2006). Group Cognition. Computer support for building collaborative knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Strang, K. D. (2007). Examining effective technology project leadership traits and behaviors. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 424-462. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2004.10.041
Turkay, S. y Tirthali, D. (2010). Youth leadership development in virtual worlds: A case study. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2) 3175-3179. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.485
Ugarte, C. y Naval, C. (2010). Desarrollo de competencias profesionales en la educación superior. Un caso docente concreto. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 12 (Núm. Especial), 1-14. Recuperado de http://redie.uabc.mx/ index.php/ redie/article/view/251
Walvoord, A. A. G., Redden, E. R., Elliott, L. R. y Coovert, M. D. (2008). Empowering followers in virtual teams: Guiding principles from theory and practice. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1884-1906. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.006
Wilson, S. y Lau, B. (2011). Preparing tomorrow’s leaders and administrators: Evaluating a course in social work management. Administration in Social Work, 35(3), 324–342. doi:10.1080/03643107.2011.575347
Yoo, Y. y Alavi, M. (2004). Emergent leadership in virtual teams: what do emergent leaders do? Information and Organization, 14, 27-58.
doi:10.1016/ j.infoandorg.2003.11.001
Augustine, C. H., Gonzalez, G., Ikemoto, G. S., Russell, J., Zellman, G. L., Constant, L., Armstrong, J. y Dembosky, J. W. (2010). Improving school leadership. The promise of cohesive leadership systems. Recuperado de http://www.wallacefoundation.org/knowledge-center/school-leadership/key-research/Documents/The-Promise-of-Cohesive-Leadership-Systems.pdf
Balthazard, P. A., Waldman, D. A. y Warren, J. E. (2009). Predictors of the emergence of transformational leadership in virtual decision teams. Leadership Quarterly, 20(5), 651-663. doi:10.1016.j.leaqua.2009.06.008
Bennis, W. (2000). El fin del liderazgo. Harvard Deusto Business Review, 95, 4-12.
Bolívar, A. (2012). Líneas actuales en la gestión e innovación de los centros educativos. En A. Bolívar, Políticas actuales de mejora y liderazgo educativo (pp. 197–213). Málaga, España: Aljibe.
Cassell, J., Huffaker, D., Tversky, D. y Ferriman, K. (2006). The language of online leadership: Gender and youth engagement on the internet. Developmental Psychology, 42(3), 436-449. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.42.3.436
Curtis, D. D. y Lawson, M. J. (2001). Exploring collaborative online learning. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5(1), 21-34.
Dorrian, J. y Wache, D. (2009). Introduction of an online approach to flexible learning for on-campus and distance education students: Lessons learned and ways forward. Nurse Education Today, 29(2), 157-167. doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2008.08.010
Gallego-Arrufat, M. J., Gutiérrez-Santiuste, E. y Campaña-Jiménez, R. L. (2013). Online distributed leadership: A content analysis of interaction and teacher reflections on computer-supported learning. Technology, Pedagogy and Education. doi:10.1080/ 1475939X.2013.814585
Gressick, J. y Derry, S. (2008). Leadership in small online collaborative learning groups: A distributed perspective. Documento presentado en The Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning Conference.
Gressick, J. y Derry, S. J. (2010). Distributed leadership in online groups. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 5(2), 211-236. doi:10.1007/ s11412-010-9086-4
Gutiérrez-Santiuste, E. y Gallego-Arrufat, M. J. (2013). Analizar el liderazgo distribuido en entornos virtuales de formación. Perspectiva Educacional, 52(2), 86-103.
Harris, A. y Spillane, J. (2008). Distributed leadership through the looking glass. Management in Education, 22(1), 31-34. doi: 10.1177/0892020607085623
Hollander, E. P. (1992). Leadership, followership, self, and others. The Leadership Quarterly, 3(1), 43-54.
Kavanaugh, A., Carroll, J. M., Rosson, M. B., Zin, T. T. y Reese, D. D. (2005). Community networks: Where offline communities meet online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(4).
Landis, J. R. y Kock, G. G. (1977). The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics, 33. 159-174.
Li, Y., Anderson, R. C., Nguyen-Jahiel, K., Dong, T., Archodidou, A., Kim, I. H., Kuo, L. J., Clark, A. M., Wu, X., Jadallah, M. y Miller, B. (2007). Emergent leadership in children’s discussion groups. Cognition and Instruction, 25(1), 75–111.
Lim, J. y Liu, Y. (2006). The role of cultural diversity and leadership in computer-supported collaborative learning: A content analysis. Information and Software Technology, 48(3), 142-153. doi:10.1016/j.infsof.2005.03.006
Murillo, F. J. (2006). Una dirección escolar para el cambio: del liderazgo transformacional al liderazgo distribuido. Revista Electrónica Iberoamericana sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación, 4(4). Recuperado de http://www.rinace.net/arts/vol4num4e/art2_htm.htm
Ribble, M. y Miller, T. N. (2013). Educational leadership in an online world: Connecting students to technology responsibly, safely, and ethically. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Network, 17(1), 137-145.
Ritter, C., Polnick, B., Fink II, R. y Oescher, J. (2010). Classroom learning communities in educational leadership: A comparison study of three delivery options. Internet and Higher Education, 13(1-2), 96-100. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2009.11.005
Sarker, S., Grewal, R. y Sarker, S. (2002). Emergence of leaders in virtual teams: what matters? En Proceedings of the 35th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 273-283). Recuperado de http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=7798 doi:10.1109/HICSS.2002.994461
Serçe, F. C., Swigger, K., Alpaslan, F. N., Brazile, R., Dafoulas, G. y Lopez, V. (2011). Online collaboration: Collaborative behavior patterns and factors affecting globally distributed team performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 490-503. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.09.017
Spillane, J. P. (2006). Distributed leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Spillane, J. P., Halverson, R., y Diamond, J.B. (2001). Investigating school leadership practice: A distributed perspective. Educational Researcher, 30(3), 23-28.
Stahl, G. (2006). Group Cognition. Computer support for building collaborative knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Strang, K. D. (2007). Examining effective technology project leadership traits and behaviors. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 424-462. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2004.10.041
Turkay, S. y Tirthali, D. (2010). Youth leadership development in virtual worlds: A case study. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2) 3175-3179. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.485
Ugarte, C. y Naval, C. (2010). Desarrollo de competencias profesionales en la educación superior. Un caso docente concreto. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 12 (Núm. Especial), 1-14. Recuperado de http://redie.uabc.mx/ index.php/ redie/article/view/251
Walvoord, A. A. G., Redden, E. R., Elliott, L. R. y Coovert, M. D. (2008). Empowering followers in virtual teams: Guiding principles from theory and practice. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(5), 1884-1906. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.02.006
Wilson, S. y Lau, B. (2011). Preparing tomorrow’s leaders and administrators: Evaluating a course in social work management. Administration in Social Work, 35(3), 324–342. doi:10.1080/03643107.2011.575347
Yoo, Y. y Alavi, M. (2004). Emergent leadership in virtual teams: what do emergent leaders do? Information and Organization, 14, 27-58.
doi:10.1016/ j.infoandorg.2003.11.001
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Published
2014-07-29
