El sentido de la pedagogía crítica en la era de la globalización después del 11 de septiembre de 2001. Entrevista con Peter McLaren (versión actualizada)
Palabras clave:
Globalización, clase social, pedagogía crítica.Resumen
Frente a las teorías posmodernas que argumentan el fin de la clase trabajadora, Peter McLaren analiza la globalización del capitalismo como una forma de imperialismo, con una perspectiva crítica que se fundamenta en la teoría marxista y en los conceptos de clase social y lucha de clases. Con motivo de los acontecimientos del 11 de septiembre de 2001 describe la política exterior de los Estados Unidos y sus efectos en el ámbito internacional. Además, defiende la figura heroica del Che Guevara frente a las acusaciones de algunos críticos estadounidenses que lo comparan con Bin Laden. Para la educación, las conclusiones de este análisis esclarecen el rol de la Pedagogía Crítica, cuyo papel es contribuir a la creación de una sociedad equitativa sostenida por los valores socialistas de cooperación y solidaridad.Descargas
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Referencias
Ahmad, A. (2000). A task that never ends. Bush proposes perpetual war. Manuscrito no publicado.
Allman, P. (1999). Revolutionary social transformation: Democratic hopes, political possibilities and critical education. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.
Allman, P. (2001). Critical education against global capitalism: Karl Marx and revolutionary critical education. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.
Amin, S. (2001). Political Islam. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 3-6. Consultado el 5 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.loompanics.com/Articles/PoliticalIslam.html (dirección desactualizada)
Barsamian, D. (2001, noviembre). Interview with Edward Said. The Progressive, 65 (11). Consultado 5 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.progressive.org/0901/intv1101.html
Bonefeld, W. (2000). The spectre of globalisation: On the form and content of the world market. En W. Bonefeld y Psychodedis (Eds). The politics of change: ideology and critique (pp. 31-68). Londres: Macmillan.
Bortfeld, J. y Naureckas, J. (2001, junio). Unpardonable disparities. Extra!, 14 (3), 14.
Cockburn, A. y St. Claire, J. (1998). Whiteout: the CIA, drugs and the press. Nueva York: Verso.
Cole, M. (1998). Globalization, modernisation and competitiveness: A critique of the New Labour Project in Education. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 8 (3), 315-332.
Dinerstein, A. (1999). The violence of stability: Argentina in the 1990s. En M. Neary (Ed.), Global humanization: Studies in the manufacture of labor (pp. 47-76). Londres y Nueva York: Mansell.
Dorfman, A. (2001, 3 de octubre). Unique no more. Counterpunch. Consultado el 4 de octubre de 2001 en:
http://www.counterpunch.org/dorfman.html
Dussel, E. (2001). Towards an unknown Marx: A commentary on the manuscripts of 1861-1863 (Y. Angulo, Trad; F. Mosley, Ed.). Londres y Nueva York: Routledge.
Ebert, T. (2001). Globalization, internationalism, and the class politics of cynical reason. Nature, Society, and Thought, 12 (4), 389-410.
Elich, G. (2001). War criminals, read and imagined. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 19-24.
Herman, E. S. y Peterson, D. (2002, enero). The threat of global state terrorism: Retail vs wholesale terror. Z Magazine, 15 (1), 30-34. Consultado el 8 de febrero de 2002 en:
http://www.zmag.org/Zmag/Articles/jan02herman.htm
Hill, D. (2001) State theory and the neo-liberal reconstruction of schooling and teacher education: A structuralist neo-Marxist critique of postmodernist, quasi-postmodernist, and culturalist neo-Marxist theory. The British Journal of Sociology of Education, 22 (1), 137-157.
Hill, D. y Cole, M. (2001). Social class. En D. Hill y M. Cole (Eds.), Schooling and Equalitv: Fact. Concept and Policy. Londres: Kogan Page.
Hudis, P. (2001, octubre). Terrorism, Bush's retaliation shows inhumanity of class society [Editorial]. News & Letters, 46 (8), 1, 10-11. También disponible en:
http://www.newsandletters.org/Issues/2001/Oct/lead_10-01.htm
Hussein, I. y Abunimah, A. (2001). Palestinian Diaspora and the right of return. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 30-32.
Johnson, C. (2000). Blowback: The costs and consequences of American empire. Nueva York: Owl Books.
Johnson, C. (2001, octubre). Blowback. The Nation, 273 (11), 13-15.
Kawell, J. (2001). Terror's Latin American profile. NACLA Report on the Americas, 35 (3), 50-53.
Kellner, D. (2001). September 11, terror war, and blowback. Manuscrito no publicado.
Korten, D. (2002). Sustainable Development: Conventional versus Emergent Alternative Wisdon. Educate!, 1 (3), 50-53.
Luxemburg, R. (1919). The crisis in German social democracy: The Junius pamphlet. Nueva York: The Socialist Publication Society.
Mayo, P. (1999). Gramsci, Freire and adult education: Possibilities for transformative action (Global perspectives on adult education and training). Londres: Zed Books.
Marx, K. (1973). Grundrisse: Foundations of the critique of political economy (M. Nicolaus, Trad.). Londres: Penguin Books.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (1999a). Critical pedagogy, postmodernism, and the retreat from class: Towards a contraband pedagogy. Theoria, 93, 83-115.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (1999b). Critical multiculturalism and globalization. Some Implications for a Politics of Resistance. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 15 (3), 27-46.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2000). Reconsidering Marx in post-Marxist times: A requiem for postmodernism? Educational Researcher, 29 (3), 25-33.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2001a). Educational policy and the socialist imagination: Revolutionary citizenship as a pedagogy of resistance. Educational Policy, 13 (3), 343-378.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2001b). Teaching against globalization and the new imperialism: Toward a revolutionary pedagogy. Journal of Teacher Education, 52 (2), 136-150.
McMurtry, J. (2001a). Bombs away: The unseen war in America. Manuscrito no publicado.
McMurtry, J. (2001b, 9 de diciembre). Why is there a war in Afghanistan? Trabajo presentado en Science for Peace Forum and Teach-in, Toronto.
McMurtry, J. (2003). When is there going to be a security council resolution on the United States? Manuscrito no publicado.
Mészáros, I. (1999). Marxism, the capital system, and social revolution: An interview with István Mészáros. Science and Society, 63 (3), 338-361.
Moody, K. (1997). Workers in a lean world: Unions in the international economy. Londres: Verso.
Neary, M. (en prensa). Travels in Moishe Postone’s social universe: A Contribution to a critique of political cosmology. En Historical Materialism: research in critical marxist theory.
Neary, M. y Rikowski, G. (2000, 17-20 de abril). The speed of life: the significance of Karl Marx’s concept of socially necessary labour-time. Trabajo presentado en British Sociological Association Annual Conference 2000, York.
Niva, S. (2001a, 14 de septiembre). Addressing the sources of Middle Eastern violence against the United States. Common Dreams News Center. Consultado el 23 de noviembre de 2001 en:
http://www.commondreams.org/views01/0914-04.htm
Niva, S. (2001b, 21 de septiembre). Fight the roots of terrorism. Common Dreams News Center. Consultado el 23 de noviembre de 2001 en:
http://commondreams.org/views01/0921-06.htm
Ollman, B. (2001). How to take an exam and remake the world. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
Petras, J. (2002, enero). Signs of a police state are everywhere. Z Magazine, 15 (1), 10-12. Consultado el 8 de febrero de 2002 en:
http://www.zmag.org/ZMag/Articles/jan02petras.htm
Petras, J. y Veltmeyer, H. (2001). Globalization unmasked: Imperialism in the 21st century. Londres y Nueva York: Zed Books and Halifax.
Rikowski, G. (2000, 7 de septiembre). Messing with the explosive commodity: School improvement, educational research and Iabor-power in the era of global capitalism. Trabajo presentado en British Educational Research Association Conference 2000, Wales.
Rikowski, G. (2001a). The battle in Seattle: Its significance for education. Londres: Tufnell Press.
Rikowski, G. (2001b, 23 de junio). After the manuscript broke off: Thoughts on Marx, social class and education. Trabajo presentado en British Sociological Association, Education Study Group Meeting, King's College, Londres.
Rikowski, G. (2002). FueI for the living fire: Labor-power! En A. C. Dinerstein y M. Neary (Eds.), The labor debate: An investigation into the theorv and reality of capitalist work (pp. 179-202). Aldershot, Reino Unido: Ashgate.
Robinson, W. (2001a). Response to McMichael, Block, and Goldfrank. Theory and Society, 30, 223-236.
Robinson, W. (2001b). Social theory and globalization: The rise of a transnational state. Theory and Society, 30, 157-200.
Robinson, W. (2001c, 18-21 de agosto). The debate on globalization. The transnational capitalist class, and the rise of a transnational state. Trabajo presentado en American Sociological Association 2001 Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.
Robinson, W. (2001-2002). Global capitalism and nation-state-centric Thinking-what we don´t see when we do see nation-states: Response to critics. Science & Society, 65 (1), 500-508.
Robinson, W. y Harris, J. (2000). Towards a global ruling class? Globalization and the transnational capitalist class. Science & Society, 64 (1), 11-54.
Roy, A. (2001a, 29 de septiembre). The algebra of infinite justice. Guardian Unlimited. Consultado el 2 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/saturday_review/story/0,3605,559756,00.html
Roy, A. (2001b, 23 de octubre). Brutality smeared in peanut butter. Guardian Unlimited. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,3604,579191,00.html
Roy, A. (2001c). War is peace. Z Magazine. Consultado el 10 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.zmag.org/roywarpeace.htm
Said, E. (2001, 16 de septiembre). Islam and the West are inadequate banners. The Observer. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.observer.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,552764,00.html
Salgado Tamayo, M. (2001, Invierno) The geo-strategy of plan Colombia. CoverAction Quarterly, 71, 37-40.
Turner, D. (1983). Marxism and christianity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Allman, P. (1999). Revolutionary social transformation: Democratic hopes, political possibilities and critical education. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.
Allman, P. (2001). Critical education against global capitalism: Karl Marx and revolutionary critical education. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.
Amin, S. (2001). Political Islam. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 3-6. Consultado el 5 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.loompanics.com/Articles/PoliticalIslam.html (dirección desactualizada)
Barsamian, D. (2001, noviembre). Interview with Edward Said. The Progressive, 65 (11). Consultado 5 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.progressive.org/0901/intv1101.html
Bonefeld, W. (2000). The spectre of globalisation: On the form and content of the world market. En W. Bonefeld y Psychodedis (Eds). The politics of change: ideology and critique (pp. 31-68). Londres: Macmillan.
Bortfeld, J. y Naureckas, J. (2001, junio). Unpardonable disparities. Extra!, 14 (3), 14.
Cockburn, A. y St. Claire, J. (1998). Whiteout: the CIA, drugs and the press. Nueva York: Verso.
Cole, M. (1998). Globalization, modernisation and competitiveness: A critique of the New Labour Project in Education. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 8 (3), 315-332.
Dinerstein, A. (1999). The violence of stability: Argentina in the 1990s. En M. Neary (Ed.), Global humanization: Studies in the manufacture of labor (pp. 47-76). Londres y Nueva York: Mansell.
Dorfman, A. (2001, 3 de octubre). Unique no more. Counterpunch. Consultado el 4 de octubre de 2001 en:
http://www.counterpunch.org/dorfman.html
Dussel, E. (2001). Towards an unknown Marx: A commentary on the manuscripts of 1861-1863 (Y. Angulo, Trad; F. Mosley, Ed.). Londres y Nueva York: Routledge.
Ebert, T. (2001). Globalization, internationalism, and the class politics of cynical reason. Nature, Society, and Thought, 12 (4), 389-410.
Elich, G. (2001). War criminals, read and imagined. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 19-24.
Herman, E. S. y Peterson, D. (2002, enero). The threat of global state terrorism: Retail vs wholesale terror. Z Magazine, 15 (1), 30-34. Consultado el 8 de febrero de 2002 en:
http://www.zmag.org/Zmag/Articles/jan02herman.htm
Hill, D. (2001) State theory and the neo-liberal reconstruction of schooling and teacher education: A structuralist neo-Marxist critique of postmodernist, quasi-postmodernist, and culturalist neo-Marxist theory. The British Journal of Sociology of Education, 22 (1), 137-157.
Hill, D. y Cole, M. (2001). Social class. En D. Hill y M. Cole (Eds.), Schooling and Equalitv: Fact. Concept and Policy. Londres: Kogan Page.
Hudis, P. (2001, octubre). Terrorism, Bush's retaliation shows inhumanity of class society [Editorial]. News & Letters, 46 (8), 1, 10-11. También disponible en:
http://www.newsandletters.org/Issues/2001/Oct/lead_10-01.htm
Hussein, I. y Abunimah, A. (2001). Palestinian Diaspora and the right of return. CovertAction Quarterly, 71, 30-32.
Johnson, C. (2000). Blowback: The costs and consequences of American empire. Nueva York: Owl Books.
Johnson, C. (2001, octubre). Blowback. The Nation, 273 (11), 13-15.
Kawell, J. (2001). Terror's Latin American profile. NACLA Report on the Americas, 35 (3), 50-53.
Kellner, D. (2001). September 11, terror war, and blowback. Manuscrito no publicado.
Korten, D. (2002). Sustainable Development: Conventional versus Emergent Alternative Wisdon. Educate!, 1 (3), 50-53.
Luxemburg, R. (1919). The crisis in German social democracy: The Junius pamphlet. Nueva York: The Socialist Publication Society.
Mayo, P. (1999). Gramsci, Freire and adult education: Possibilities for transformative action (Global perspectives on adult education and training). Londres: Zed Books.
Marx, K. (1973). Grundrisse: Foundations of the critique of political economy (M. Nicolaus, Trad.). Londres: Penguin Books.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (1999a). Critical pedagogy, postmodernism, and the retreat from class: Towards a contraband pedagogy. Theoria, 93, 83-115.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (1999b). Critical multiculturalism and globalization. Some Implications for a Politics of Resistance. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 15 (3), 27-46.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2000). Reconsidering Marx in post-Marxist times: A requiem for postmodernism? Educational Researcher, 29 (3), 25-33.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2001a). Educational policy and the socialist imagination: Revolutionary citizenship as a pedagogy of resistance. Educational Policy, 13 (3), 343-378.
McLaren, P. y Farahmandpur, R. (2001b). Teaching against globalization and the new imperialism: Toward a revolutionary pedagogy. Journal of Teacher Education, 52 (2), 136-150.
McMurtry, J. (2001a). Bombs away: The unseen war in America. Manuscrito no publicado.
McMurtry, J. (2001b, 9 de diciembre). Why is there a war in Afghanistan? Trabajo presentado en Science for Peace Forum and Teach-in, Toronto.
McMurtry, J. (2003). When is there going to be a security council resolution on the United States? Manuscrito no publicado.
Mészáros, I. (1999). Marxism, the capital system, and social revolution: An interview with István Mészáros. Science and Society, 63 (3), 338-361.
Moody, K. (1997). Workers in a lean world: Unions in the international economy. Londres: Verso.
Neary, M. (en prensa). Travels in Moishe Postone’s social universe: A Contribution to a critique of political cosmology. En Historical Materialism: research in critical marxist theory.
Neary, M. y Rikowski, G. (2000, 17-20 de abril). The speed of life: the significance of Karl Marx’s concept of socially necessary labour-time. Trabajo presentado en British Sociological Association Annual Conference 2000, York.
Niva, S. (2001a, 14 de septiembre). Addressing the sources of Middle Eastern violence against the United States. Common Dreams News Center. Consultado el 23 de noviembre de 2001 en:
http://www.commondreams.org/views01/0914-04.htm
Niva, S. (2001b, 21 de septiembre). Fight the roots of terrorism. Common Dreams News Center. Consultado el 23 de noviembre de 2001 en:
http://commondreams.org/views01/0921-06.htm
Ollman, B. (2001). How to take an exam and remake the world. Montreal: Black Rose Books.
Petras, J. (2002, enero). Signs of a police state are everywhere. Z Magazine, 15 (1), 10-12. Consultado el 8 de febrero de 2002 en:
http://www.zmag.org/ZMag/Articles/jan02petras.htm
Petras, J. y Veltmeyer, H. (2001). Globalization unmasked: Imperialism in the 21st century. Londres y Nueva York: Zed Books and Halifax.
Rikowski, G. (2000, 7 de septiembre). Messing with the explosive commodity: School improvement, educational research and Iabor-power in the era of global capitalism. Trabajo presentado en British Educational Research Association Conference 2000, Wales.
Rikowski, G. (2001a). The battle in Seattle: Its significance for education. Londres: Tufnell Press.
Rikowski, G. (2001b, 23 de junio). After the manuscript broke off: Thoughts on Marx, social class and education. Trabajo presentado en British Sociological Association, Education Study Group Meeting, King's College, Londres.
Rikowski, G. (2002). FueI for the living fire: Labor-power! En A. C. Dinerstein y M. Neary (Eds.), The labor debate: An investigation into the theorv and reality of capitalist work (pp. 179-202). Aldershot, Reino Unido: Ashgate.
Robinson, W. (2001a). Response to McMichael, Block, and Goldfrank. Theory and Society, 30, 223-236.
Robinson, W. (2001b). Social theory and globalization: The rise of a transnational state. Theory and Society, 30, 157-200.
Robinson, W. (2001c, 18-21 de agosto). The debate on globalization. The transnational capitalist class, and the rise of a transnational state. Trabajo presentado en American Sociological Association 2001 Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA.
Robinson, W. (2001-2002). Global capitalism and nation-state-centric Thinking-what we don´t see when we do see nation-states: Response to critics. Science & Society, 65 (1), 500-508.
Robinson, W. y Harris, J. (2000). Towards a global ruling class? Globalization and the transnational capitalist class. Science & Society, 64 (1), 11-54.
Roy, A. (2001a, 29 de septiembre). The algebra of infinite justice. Guardian Unlimited. Consultado el 2 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/saturday_review/story/0,3605,559756,00.html
Roy, A. (2001b, 23 de octubre). Brutality smeared in peanut butter. Guardian Unlimited. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0,3604,579191,00.html
Roy, A. (2001c). War is peace. Z Magazine. Consultado el 10 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.zmag.org/roywarpeace.htm
Said, E. (2001, 16 de septiembre). Islam and the West are inadequate banners. The Observer. Consultado el 11 de diciembre de 2001 en:
http://www.observer.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,552764,00.html
Salgado Tamayo, M. (2001, Invierno) The geo-strategy of plan Colombia. CoverAction Quarterly, 71, 37-40.
Turner, D. (1983). Marxism and christianity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
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2003-05-01
